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v_RBCvAK

mgadpRBC + adpRBC = mgatpRBC + ampRBC

v_RBCvALD

f16p2RBC = dhapRBC + gapRBC

v_RBCvATPASE

mgatpRBC = mgadpRBC + phosRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP1

b13pgRBC + bpgspRBC = bpgspb13pgRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP2

bpgspb13pgRBC = bpgsppRBC + p3gRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP3

bpgsppRBC + p3gRBC = bpgsppp3gRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP4

bpgsppRBC + p2gRBC = bpgsppp2gRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP5

bpgsppp3gRBC = bpgspb23pgRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP6

bpgsppp2gRBC = bpgspb23pgRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP7

bpgspb23pgRBC = bpgspRBC + b23pgRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP8

bpgsppRBC + phosRBC = bpgsppphosRBC

v_RBCvBPGSP9

bpgsppphosRBC = bpgspRBC + {2.0}phosRBC

v_RBCvENO

p2gRBC = pepRBC

v_RBCvG6PDH

g6pRBC + nadpRBC = nadphRBC + p6glRBC

v_RBCvGAPDH

gapRBC + phosRBC + nadRBC = nadhRBC + b13pgRBC

v_RBCvGSSGR

nadphRBC + gssgRBC = {2.0}gshRBC + nadpRBC

v_RBCvHBADP

hbRBC + adpRBC = hbadpRBC

v_RBCvHBATP

hbRBC + atpRBC = hbatpRBC

v_RBCvHBB13PG

hbRBC + b13pgRBC = hbb13pgRBC

v_RBCvHBB23PG

hbRBC + b23pgRBC = hbb23pgRBC

v_RBCvHBMGATP

mgatpRBC + hbRBC = hbmgatpRBC

v_RBCvHK

mgatpRBC + glcRBC = g6pRBC + mgadpRBC

v_RBCvLACTRANSPORT

lacRBC = lacEXT

v_RBCvLDH

nadhRBC + pyrRBC = lacRBC + nadRBC

v_RBCvLDHP

nadphRBC + pyrRBC = lacRBC + nadpRBC

v_RBCvMGADP

mgRBC + adpRBC = mgadpRBC

v_RBCvMGATP

mgRBC + atpRBC = mgatpRBC

v_RBCvMGB13PG

mgRBC + b13pgRBC = mgb13pgRBC

v_RBCvMGB23PG

mgRBC + b23pgRBC = mgb23pgRBC

v_RBCvMGF16P2

mgRBC + f16p2RBC = mgf16p2RBC

v_RBCvMGG16P2

mgRBC + g16p2RBC = mgg16p2RBC

v_RBCvMGPHOS

mgRBC + phosRBC = mgphosRBC

v_RBCvOX

{2.0}gshRBC = gssgRBC

v_RBCvOXNADH

nadhRBC = nadRBC

v_RBCvP6GDH

p6gRBC + nadpRBC = nadphRBC + co2RBC + ru5pRBC

v_RBCvPFK

mgatpRBC + f6pRBC = f16p2RBC + mgadpRBC

v_RBCvPGI

g6pRBC = f6pRBC

v_RBCvPGK

b13pgRBC + mgadpRBC = mgatpRBC + p3gRBC

v_RBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS

p6glRBC = p6gRBC

v_RBCvPGM

p3gRBC = p2gRBC

v_RBCvPHOSTRANSPORT

phosRBC = phosEXT

v_RBCvPK

pepRBC + mgadpRBC = pyrRBC + mgatpRBC

v_RBCvPYRTRANSPORT

pyrRBC = pyrEXT

v_RBCvR5PI

ru5pRBC = rib5pRBC

v_RBCvRu5PE

ru5pRBC = xu5pRBC

v_RBCvTA

sed7pRBC + gapRBC = ery4pRBC + f6pRBC

v_RBCvTIM

gapRBC = dhapRBC

v_RBCvTK1

xu5pRBC + tkRBC = tkxu5pRBC

v_RBCvTK2

tkxu5pRBC = tkgRBC + gapRBC

v_RBCvTK3

tkgRBC + rib5pRBC = tkgrib5pRBC

v_RBCvTK4

tkgrib5pRBC = tkRBC + sed7pRBC

v_RBCvTK5

tkgRBC + ery4pRBC = tkgery4pRBC

v_RBCvTK6

tkgery4pRBC = tkRBC + f6pRBC

Parameters

Global parameters

AlphaCellWaterFraction*

CRBCvMGADP*

CRBCvMGATP*

CRBCvMGB13PG*

CRBCvMGB23PG*

CRBCvMGF16P2*

CRBCvMGG16P2*

CRBCvMGPHOS*

ConcADPRBC*

ConcAMPRBC*

ConcATPRBC*

ConcB13PGRBC*

ConcB23PGRBC*

ConcBPGSPB13PGRBC*

ConcBPGSPB23PGRBC*

ConcBPGSPPP2GRBC*

ConcBPGSPPP3GRBC*

ConcBPGSPPRBC*

ConcBPGSPRBC*

ConcBpgsppphosRBC*

ConcCo2RBC*

ConcDhapRBC*

ConcEry4PRBC*

ConcF16P2RBC*

ConcF6PRBC*

ConcG16P2RBC*

ConcG6PRBC*

ConcGSHRBC*

ConcGapRBC*

ConcGlcRBC*

ConcGssgRBC*

ConcHbADPRBC*

ConcHbATPRBC*

ConcHbB13PGRBC*

ConcHbB23PGRBC*

ConcHbRBC*

ConcHbmgatpRBC*

ConcLacEXT*

ConcLacRBC*

ConcMgADPRBC*

ConcMgB13PGRBC*

ConcMgB23PGRBC*

ConcMgF16P2RBC*

ConcMgRBC*

ConcMgatpRBC*

ConcMgg16p2RBC*

ConcMgphosRBC*

ConcNADPRBC*

ConcNADRBC*

ConcNadhRBC*

ConcNadphRBC*

ConcP2GARBC*

ConcP3GARBC*

ConcP6GLRBC*

ConcP6GRBC*

ConcPEPRBC*

ConcPhosEXT*

ConcPhosRBC*

ConcPyrEXT*

ConcPyrRBC*

ConcRib5PRBC*

ConcRu5PRBC*

ConcSed7PRBC*

ConcTKGEry4PRBC*

ConcTKGRBC*

ConcTKGRib5PRBC*

ConcTKRBC*

ConcTkxu5pRBC*

ConcXu5PRBC*

ERBCvHK*

ERBCvPGI*

K10RBCvBPGSP6*

K10RBCvG6PDH*

K10RBCvGSSGR*

K10RBCvP6GDH*

K10RBCvTK5*

K11RBCvBPGSP6*

K11RBCvGSSGR*

K11RBCvP6GDH*

K11RBCvTK6*

K12RBCvBPGSP7*

K12RBCvGSSGR*

K12RBCvP6GDH*

K12RBCvTK6*

K13RBCvBPGSP7*

K14RBCvBPGSP8*

K15RBCvBPGSP8*

K16RBCvBPGSP9*

K1RBCvAK*

K1RBCvBPGSP1*

K1RBCvG6PDH*

K1RBCvGSSGR*

K1RBCvP6GDH*

K1RBCvR5PI*

K1RBCvRu5PE*

K1RBCvTA*

K1RBCvTK1*

K2RBCvAK*

K2RBCvBPGSP1*

K2RBCvG6PDH*

K2RBCvGSSGR*

K2RBCvP6GDH*

K2RBCvR5PI*

K2RBCvRu5PE*

K2RBCvTA*

K2RBCvTK1*

K3RBCvBPGSP2*

K3RBCvG6PDH*

K3RBCvGSSGR*

K3RBCvP6GDH*

K3RBCvR5PI*

K3RBCvRu5PE*

K3RBCvTA*

K3RBCvTK2*

K4RBCvBPGSP3*

K4RBCvG6PDH*

K4RBCvGSSGR*

K4RBCvP6GDH*

K4RBCvR5PI*

K4RBCvRu5PE*

K4RBCvTA*

K4RBCvTK2*

K5RBCvBPGSP3*

K5RBCvG6PDH*

K5RBCvGSSGR*

K5RBCvP6GDH*

K5RBCvTA*

K5RBCvTK3*

K6RBCvBPGSP4*

K6RBCvG6PDH*

K6RBCvGSSGR*

K6RBCvP6GDH*

K6RBCvTA*

K6RBCvTK3*

K7RBCvBPGSP4*

K7RBCvG6PDH*

K7RBCvGSSGR*

K7RBCvP6GDH*

K7RBCvTA*

K7RBCvTK4*

K8RBCvBPGSP5*

K8RBCvG6PDH*

K8RBCvGSSGR*

K8RBCvP6GDH*

K8RBCvTA*

K8RBCvTK4*

K9RBCvBPGSP5*

K9RBCvG6PDH*

K9RBCvGSSGR*

K9RBCvP6GDH*

K9RBCvTK5*

KRBCvATPASE*

KRBCvMGADP*

KRBCvMGATP*

KRBCvMGB13PG*

KRBCvMGB23PG*

KRBCvMGF16P2*

KRBCvMGG16P2*

KRBCvOX*

KRBCvOXNADH*

KaRBCvHBADP*

KaRBCvHBATP*

KaRBCvHBB13PG*

KaRBCvHBBPG*

KaRBCvHBMGATP*

KaRBCvMGADP*

KaRBCvMGATP*

KaRBCvMGB13PG*

KaRBCvMGB23PG*

KaRBCvMGF16P2*

KaRBCvMGG16P2*

KaRBCvMGPHOS*

KaRBCvPFK*

KahbRBC*

KcatfRBCvALD*

KcatfRBCvENO*

KcatfRBCvGAPDH*

KcatfRBCvHK*

KcatfRBCvLDH*

KcatfRBCvPFK*

KcatfRBCvPGI*

KcatfRBCvPGK*

KcatfRBCvPGM*

KcatfRBCvPK*

KcatfRBCvTIM*

KcatrRBCvALD*

KcatrRBCvENO*

KcatrRBCvGAPDH*

KcatrRBCvHK*

KcatrRBCvLDH*

KcatrRBCvPFK*

KcatrRBCvPGI*

KcatrRBCvPGK*

KcatrRBCvPGM*

KcatrRBCvPK*

KcatrRBCvTIM*

KdRBCvHBADP*

KdRBCvHBATP*

KdRBCvHBB13PG*

KdRBCvHBBPG*

KdRBCvHBMGATP*

KdRBCvMGADP*

KdRBCvMGATP*

KdRBCvMGB13PG*

KdRBCvMGB23PG*

KdRBCvMGF16P2*

KdRBCvMGG16P2*

KdRBCvMGPHOS*

KdibpgRBCvHK*

Kdig16p2RBCvHK*

Kdig6pRBCvHK*

KdigshRBCvHK*

KfRBCvLDHP*

Kh2bpgRBCvMGB13PG*

Kh2bpgRBCvMGB23PG*

Kh2fRBCvMGF16P2*

Kh2fRBCvMGG16P2*

KhadpRBCvAK*

KhadpRBCvMGADP*

KhampRBCvAK*

KhatpRBCvMGATP*

KhbpgRBCvMGB13PG*

KhbpgRBCvMGB23PG*

KhfRBCvMGF16P2*

KhfRBCvMGG16P2*

KhphosRBCvMGPHOS*

KhydrolRBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS*

KiRBCvLACTRANSPORT*

KiRBCvPHOSTRANSPORT*

KiRBCvPYRTRANSPORT*

Kib13pgRBCvGAPDH*

Kib13pgRBCvPGK*

Kib23pgRBCvALD*

Kidb13pgRBCvGAPDH*

KidgapRBCvGAPDH*

KidhapRBCvALD*

KidpyrRBCvLDH*

Kif16p2RBCvALD*

Kig6pRBCvHK*

KigapRBCvGAPDH*

KiglcRBCvHK*

KilacRBCvLDH*

KimgRBCvENO*

KimgadpRBCvHK*

KimgadpRBCvPGK*

KimgatpRBCvHK*

KimgatpRBCvPGK*

KinadRBCvGAPDH*

KinadRBCvLDH*

KinadhRBCvGAPDH*

KinadhRBCvLDH*

Kip2gRBCvENO*

Kip3gRBCvPGK*

KipepRBCvENO*

KiphosRBCvGAPDH*

KipyrRBCvLDH*

KkadpRBCvAK*

KkadpRBCvMGADP*

KkampRBCvAK*

KkatpRBCvMGATP*

KkbpgRBCvMGB13PG*

KkbpgRBCvMGB23PG*

KkfRBCvMGF16P2*

KkfRBCvMGG16P2*

KkhbpgRBCvMGB13PG*

KkhbpgRBCvMGB23PG*

KkhfRBCvMGF16P2*

KkhfRBCvMGG16P2*

KkphosRBCvMGPHOS*

Klactonase1RBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS*

Klactonase2RBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS*

Klactonase3RBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS*

Kmb13pgRBCvGAPDH*

Kmb13pgRBCvPGK*

KmdhapRBCvALD*

KmdhapRBCvTIM*

Kmf16p2RBCvALD*

Kmf16p2RBCvPFK*

Kmf6pRBCvPFK*

Kmf6pRBCvPGI*

Kmg6pRBCvPGI*

KmgapRBCvALD*

KmgapRBCvGAPDH*

KmgapRBCvTIM*

KmghadpRBCvMGADP*

KmghatpRBCvMGATP*

KmghbpgRBCvMGB13PG*

KmghbpgRBCvMGB23PG*

KmghfRBCvMGF16P2*

KmghfRBCvMGG16P2*

KmlacRBCvLDH*

KmlacRBCvLDHP*

KmmgRBCvENO*

KmmgadpRBCvHK*

KmmgadpRBCvPFK*

KmmgadpRBCvPGK*

KmmgatpRBCvHK*

KmmgatpRBCvPFK*

KmmgatpRBCvPGK*

KmnadRBCvGAPDH*

KmnadRBCvLDH*

KmnadhRBCvGAPDH*

KmnadhRBCvLDH*

Kmp2gRBCvENO*

Kmp2gRBCvPGM*

Kmp3gRBCvPGK*

Kmp3gRBCvPGM*

KmpepRBCvENO*

KmphosRBCvGAPDH*

KmpyrRBCvLDH*

KmpyrRBCvLDHP*

KrRBCvLDHP*

KrampRBCvPFK*

Krf16p2RBCvPK*

Krg16p2RBCvPFK*

Krg16p2RBCvPK*

KrmgadpRBCvPK*

KrmgatpRBCvPK*

KrpepRBCvPK*

KrphosRBCvPFK*

KrpyrRBCvPK*

KtatpRBCvPFK*

KtatpRBCvPK*

Ktb23pgRBCvPFK*

KtmgRBCvPFK*

RtvRBC*

TsRBC*

VRBCvALD*

VRBCvENO*

VRBCvG6PDH*

VRBCvGAPDH*

VRBCvGSSGR*

VRBCvLDH*

VRBCvP6GDH*

VRBCvPFK*

VRBCvPGK*

VRBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS*

VRBCvPGM*

VRBCvPK*

VRBCvR5PI*

VRBCvRu5PE*

VRBCvTA*

VRBCvTIM*

bpgxRBC*

gssgxRBC*

hbxRBC*

kRBC*

nRBCvPFK*

nadpxRBC*

pHConversionFactor*

phRBC*

tkxRBC*

xatpRBC*

xg16p2RBC*

xphosRBC*

Vrbc*

vBld*

Initial values

adpRBC

ampRBC

atpRBC

b13pgRBC

b23pgRBC

bpgspRBC

bpgspb13pgRBC

bpgspb23pgRBC

bpgsppRBC

bpgsppp2gRBC

bpgsppp3gRBC

bpgsppphosRBC

dhapRBC

ery4pRBC

f16p2RBC

f6pRBC

g16p2RBC

g6pRBC

gapRBC

gshRBC

gssgRBC

hbRBC

hbadpRBC

hbatpRBC

hbb13pgRBC

hbb23pgRBC

hbmgatpRBC

lacRBC

mgRBC

mgadpRBC

mgatpRBC

mgb13pgRBC

mgb23pgRBC

mgf16p2RBC

mgg16p2RBC

mgphosRBC

nadRBC

nadhRBC

nadpRBC

nadphRBC

p2gRBC

p3gRBC

p6gRBC

p6glRBC

pepRBC

phosRBC

pyrRBC

rib5pRBC

ru5pRBC

sed7pRBC

tkRBC

tkgRBC

tkgery4pRBC

tkgrib5pRBC

tkxu5pRBC

xu5pRBC

Functions and Rules

Assignment rules

KiappgapRBCvGAPDH = KigapRBCvGAPDH / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.5) + pow(10.0, -10.0) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

K13appRBCvBPGSP7 = K13RBCvBPGSP7 * ((1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)) / (1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)))

KaappRBCvMGB23PG = KaRBCvMGB23PG * CRBCvMGB23PG * (KRBCvMGB23PG + KhbpgRBCvMGB23PG * KmghbpgRBCvMGB23PG * hRBC) / (1.0 + KhbpgRBCvMGB23PG * hRBC + Kh2bpgRBCvMGB23PG * KhbpgRBCvMGB23PG * hRBC * hRBC + kRBC * KkbpgRBCvMGB23PG + kRBC * KhbpgRBCvMGB23PG * KkhbpgRBCvMGB23PG * hRBC)

KaappRBCvMGF16P2 = KaRBCvMGF16P2 * CRBCvMGF16P2 * (KRBCvMGF16P2 + KhfRBCvMGF16P2 * KmghfRBCvMGF16P2 * hRBC) / (1.0 + KhfRBCvMGF16P2 * hRBC + Kh2fRBCvMGF16P2 * KhfRBCvMGF16P2 * hRBC * hRBC + kRBC * KkfRBCvMGF16P2 + kRBC * KhfRBCvMGF16P2 * KkhfRBCvMGF16P2 * hRBC)

K6appRBCvBPGSP4 = K6RBCvBPGSP4 * ((1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)) / (1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)))

K1appRBCvAK = K1RBCvAK * (1.0 + pHConversionFactor * pow(10.0, -phRBC) * KhadpRBCvAK + kRBC * KkadpRBCvAK)

KaappRBCvMGATP = KaRBCvMGATP * CRBCvMGATP * ((KRBCvMGATP + KhatpRBCvMGATP * KmghatpRBCvMGATP * hRBC) / (1.0 + KhatpRBCvMGATP / pHConversionFactor / pow(10.0, phRBC) + kRBC * KkatpRBCvMGATP))

KaappRBCvMGG16P2 = KaRBCvMGG16P2 * CRBCvMGG16P2 * (KRBCvMGG16P2 + KhfRBCvMGG16P2 * KmghfRBCvMGG16P2 * hRBC) / (1.0 + KhfRBCvMGG16P2 * hRBC + Kh2fRBCvMGG16P2 * KhfRBCvMGG16P2 * hRBC * hRBC + kRBC * KkfRBCvMGG16P2 + kRBC * KhfRBCvMGG16P2 * KkhfRBCvMGG16P2 * hRBC)

K2appRBCvAK = K2RBCvAK * (1.0 + hRBC * KhampRBCvAK + kRBC * KkampRBCvAK)

KaappRBCvMGB13PG = KaRBCvMGB13PG * CRBCvMGB13PG * (KRBCvMGB13PG + KhbpgRBCvMGB13PG * KmghbpgRBCvMGB13PG * hRBC) / (1.0 + KhbpgRBCvMGB13PG * hRBC + Kh2bpgRBCvMGB13PG * KhbpgRBCvMGB13PG * hRBC * hRBC + kRBC * KkbpgRBCvMGB13PG + kRBC * KhbpgRBCvMGB13PG * KkhbpgRBCvMGB13PG * hRBC)

KaappRBCvMGPHOS = KaRBCvMGPHOS * (1.0 + pHConversionFactor * pow(10.0, -7.2) * KhphosRBCvMGPHOS + kRBC * KkphosRBCvMGPHOS) / (1.0 + hRBC * KhphosRBCvMGPHOS + kRBC * KkphosRBCvMGPHOS)

KoRBCvPHOSTRANSPORT = KiRBCvPHOSTRANSPORT / KeqRBCvPHOSTRANSPORT

KaappRBCvMGADP = KaRBCvMGADP * CRBCvMGADP * ((KRBCvMGADP + KhadpRBCvMGADP * KmghadpRBCvMGADP * hRBC) / (1.0 + KhadpRBCvMGADP * hRBC + kRBC * KkadpRBCvMGADP))

KiapppyrRBCvLDH = KipyrRBCvLDH * ((1.0 + pow(10.0, -6.8) / pow(10.0, -phRBC)) / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -6.8) / pow(10.0, -7.2)))

KcatrappRBCvGAPDH = KcatrRBCvGAPDH / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.5) + pow(10.0, -10.0) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

KmapplacRBCvLDH = KmlacRBCvLDH * ((1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -6.8)) / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -6.8)))

KeqRBCvLACTRANSPORT = (1.0 + pow(10.0, phRBC - 3.73)) / (1.0 + pow(10.0, phRBC - 3.73) / RtvRBC)

KmappnadhRBCvGAPDH = KmnadhRBCvGAPDH * (pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

KmapppyrRBCvLDH = KmpyrRBCvLDH * ((1.0 + pow(10.0, -6.8) / pow(10.0, -phRBC)) / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -6.8) / pow(10.0, -7.2)))

KcatrappRBCvHK = KcatrRBCvHK / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.02) + pow(10.0, -9.55) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

HbpHRBC = (1.0 + 2.0 * KahbRBC / (pHConversionFactor * pow(10.0, -7.2)) + pow(KahbRBC / (pHConversionFactor * pow(10.0, -7.2)), 2.0)) / (1.0 + 2.0 * KahbRBC / hRBC + KahbRBC / hRBC * KahbRBC / hRBC)

KeqRBCvPHOSTRANSPORT = (1.0 + pow(10.0, phRBC - 6.75)) / (1.0 / RtvRBC + pow(10.0, phRBC - 6.75) / (RtvRBC * RtvRBC))

KcatfappRBCvHK = KcatfRBCvHK / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.02) + pow(10.0, -9.55) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

KaappRBCvHBB13PG = KaRBCvHBB13PG * HbpHRBC

KiapplacRBCvLDH = KilacRBCvLDH * ((1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -6.8)) / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -6.8)))

K4appRBCvBPGSP3 = K4RBCvBPGSP3 * ((1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)) / (1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)))

KcatfappRBCvGAPDH = KcatfRBCvGAPDH / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.5) + pow(10.0, -10.0) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

atpRBCsum = atpRBC+adpRBC+ampRBC

KoRBCvPYRTRANSPORT = KiRBCvPYRTRANSPORT / RtvRBC

hRBC = pHConversionFactor / pow(10.0, phRBC)

KaappRBCvHBATP = KaRBCvHBATP * HbpHRBC

KaappRBCvHBADP = KaRBCvHBADP * HbpHRBC

KoRBCvLACTRANSPORT = KiRBCvLACTRANSPORT / KeqRBCvLACTRANSPORT

K3appRBCvBPGSP2 = K3RBCvBPGSP2 * ((1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)) / (1.0 + pow(pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.17), 4.0)))

KaappRBCvHBBPG = KaRBCvHBBPG * HbpHRBC

KiappnadhRBCvGAPDH = KinadhRBCvGAPDH * (pow(10.0, -7.2) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

KaappRBCvHBMGATP = KaRBCvHBMGATP * HbpHRBC

K1appRBCvBPGSP1 = K1RBCvBPGSP1 * ((1.0 + pow(10.0, -6.8) / pow(10.0, -7.2)) / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -6.8) / pow(10.0, -phRBC)))

testsum = adpRBC+atpRBC+ampRBC+mgRBC +mgadpRBC + mgatpRBC +mgb13pgRBC + mgb23pgRBC + mgf16p2RBC + mgg16p2RBC + mgphosRBC

Kiappb13pgRBCvGAPDH = Kib13pgRBCvGAPDH / (1.0 + pow(10.0, -phRBC) / pow(10.0, -7.5) + pow(10.0, -10.0) / pow(10.0, -phRBC))

LRBCvPK = pHConversionFactor * pow(10.0, -6.8) / hRBC * pow(1.0 + atpRBC / Vrbc / KtatpRBCvPK, 4.0) / (pow(1.0 + f16p2RBC / Vrbc / Krf16p2RBCvPK + g16p2RBC / Vrbc / Krg16p2RBCvPK, 4.0) * pow(1.0 + pepRBC / Vrbc / KrpepRBCvPK + pyrRBC / Vrbc / KrpyrRBCvPK, 4.0))

lacEXT = ConcLacEXT*vBld

phosEXT = ConcPhosEXT*vBld

pyrEXT = ConcPyrEXT*vBld

glcRBC = ConcGlcRBC*Vrbc

co2RBC = ConcCo2RBC * Vrbc

Function definitions

Events

Constraints

Note that constraints are not enforced in simulations. It remains the responsibility of the user to verify that simulation results satisfy these constraints.

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Model of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate metabolism in the human erythrocyte based on detailed enzyme kinetic equations: equations and parameter refinement.

PJ Mulquiney
Philip W Kuchel

Biochem. J. 1999; : 581-596

PubMed: 10477269
PubMed Central: PMC1220499
ISSN: 0264-6021
URL: https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10477269

Abstract

Over the last 25 years, several mathematical models of erythrocyte metabolism have been developed. Although these models have identified the key features in the regulation and control of erythrocyte metabolism, many important aspects remain unexplained. In particular, none of these models have satisfactorily accounted for 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) metabolism. 2,3-BPG is an important modulator of haemoglobin oxygen affinity, and hence an understanding of the regulation of 2,3-BPG concentration is important for understanding blood oxygen transport. A detailed, comprehensive, and hence realistic mathematical model of erythrocyte metabolism is presented that can explain the regulation and control of 2,3-BPG concentration and turnover. The model is restricted to the core metabolic pathways, namely glycolysis, the 2,3-BPG shunt and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and includes membrane transport of metabolites, the binding of metabolites to haemoglobin and Mg(2+), as well as pH effects on key enzymic reactions and binding processes. The model is necessarily complex, since it is intended to describe the regulation and control of 2,3-BPG metabolism under a wide variety of physiological and experimental conditions. In addition, since H(+) and blood oxygen tension are important external effectors of 2,3-BPG concentration, it was important that the model take into account the large array of kinetic and binding phenomena that result from changes in these effectors. Through an iterative loop of experimental and simulation analysis many values of enzyme-kinetic parameters of the model were refined to yield close conformity between model simulations and 'real' experimental data. This iterative process enabled a single set of parameters to be found which described well the metabolic behaviour of the erythrocyte under a wide variety of conditions.

A copy of the original mulquiney model in units of fmol/min.

JWS Online documentation

adpRBC (adpRBC)
ampRBC (ampRBC)
atpRBC (atpRBC)
b13pgRBC (b13pgRBC)
b23pgRBC (b23pgRBC)
bpgspRBC (bpgspRBC)
bpgspb13pgRBC (bpgspb13pgRBC)
bpgspb23pgRBC (bpgspb23pgRBC)
bpgsppRBC (bpgsppRBC)
bpgsppp2gRBC (bpgsppp2gRBC)
bpgsppp3gRBC (bpgsppp3gRBC)
bpgsppphosRBC (bpgsppphosRBC)
dhapRBC (dhapRBC)
ery4pRBC (ery4pRBC)
f16p2RBC (f16p2RBC)
f6pRBC (f6pRBC)
g16p2RBC (g16p2RBC)
g6pRBC (g6pRBC)
gapRBC (gapRBC)
gshRBC (gshRBC)
gssgRBC (gssgRBC)
hbRBC (hbRBC)
hbadpRBC (hbadpRBC)
hbatpRBC (hbatpRBC)
hbb13pgRBC (hbb13pgRBC)
hbb23pgRBC (hbb23pgRBC)
hbmgatpRBC (hbmgatpRBC)
lacRBC (lacRBC)
mgRBC (mgRBC)
mgadpRBC (mgadpRBC)
mgatpRBC (mgatpRBC)
mgb13pgRBC (mgb13pgRBC)
mgb23pgRBC (mgb23pgRBC)
mgf16p2RBC (mgf16p2RBC)
mgg16p2RBC (mgg16p2RBC)
mgphosRBC (mgphosRBC)
nadRBC (nadRBC)
nadhRBC (nadhRBC)
nadpRBC (nadpRBC)
nadphRBC (nadphRBC)
p2gRBC (p2gRBC)
p3gRBC (p3gRBC)
p6gRBC (p6gRBC)
p6glRBC (p6glRBC)
pepRBC (pepRBC)
phosRBC (phosRBC)
pyrRBC (pyrRBC)
rib5pRBC (rib5pRBC)
ru5pRBC (ru5pRBC)
sed7pRBC (sed7pRBC)
tkRBC (tkRBC)
tkgRBC (tkgRBC)
tkgery4pRBC (tkgery4pRBC)
tkgrib5pRBC (tkgrib5pRBC)
tkxu5pRBC (tkxu5pRBC)
xu5pRBC (xu5pRBC)

v_RBCvAK (v_RBCvAK)
v_RBCvALD (v_RBCvALD)
v_RBCvATPASE (v_RBCvATPASE)
v_RBCvBPGSP1 (v_RBCvBPGSP1)
v_RBCvBPGSP2 (v_RBCvBPGSP2)
v_RBCvBPGSP3 (v_RBCvBPGSP3)
v_RBCvBPGSP4 (v_RBCvBPGSP4)
v_RBCvBPGSP5 (v_RBCvBPGSP5)
v_RBCvBPGSP6 (v_RBCvBPGSP6)
v_RBCvBPGSP7 (v_RBCvBPGSP7)
v_RBCvBPGSP8 (v_RBCvBPGSP8)
v_RBCvBPGSP9 (v_RBCvBPGSP9)
v_RBCvENO (v_RBCvENO)
v_RBCvG6PDH (v_RBCvG6PDH)
v_RBCvGAPDH (v_RBCvGAPDH)
v_RBCvGSSGR (v_RBCvGSSGR)
v_RBCvHBADP (v_RBCvHBADP)
v_RBCvHBATP (v_RBCvHBATP)
v_RBCvHBB13PG (v_RBCvHBB13PG)
v_RBCvHBB23PG (v_RBCvHBB23PG)
v_RBCvHBMGATP (v_RBCvHBMGATP)
v_RBCvHK (v_RBCvHK)
v_RBCvLACTRANSPORT (v_RBCvLACTRANSPORT)
v_RBCvLDH (v_RBCvLDH)
v_RBCvLDHP (v_RBCvLDHP)
v_RBCvMGADP (v_RBCvMGADP)
v_RBCvMGATP (v_RBCvMGATP)
v_RBCvMGB13PG (v_RBCvMGB13PG)
v_RBCvMGB23PG (v_RBCvMGB23PG)
v_RBCvMGF16P2 (v_RBCvMGF16P2)
v_RBCvMGG16P2 (v_RBCvMGG16P2)
v_RBCvMGPHOS (v_RBCvMGPHOS)
v_RBCvOX (v_RBCvOX)
v_RBCvOXNADH (v_RBCvOXNADH)
v_RBCvP6GDH (v_RBCvP6GDH)
v_RBCvPFK (v_RBCvPFK)
v_RBCvPGI (v_RBCvPGI)
v_RBCvPGK (v_RBCvPGK)
v_RBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS (v_RBCvPGLHYDROLYSIS)
v_RBCvPGM (v_RBCvPGM)
v_RBCvPHOSTRANSPORT (v_RBCvPHOSTRANSPORT)
v_RBCvPK (v_RBCvPK)
v_RBCvPYRTRANSPORT (v_RBCvPYRTRANSPORT)
v_RBCvR5PI (v_RBCvR5PI)
v_RBCvRu5PE (v_RBCvRu5PE)
v_RBCvTA (v_RBCvTA)
v_RBCvTIM (v_RBCvTIM)
v_RBCvTK1 (v_RBCvTK1)
v_RBCvTK2 (v_RBCvTK2)
v_RBCvTK3 (v_RBCvTK3)
v_RBCvTK4 (v_RBCvTK4)
v_RBCvTK5 (v_RBCvTK5)
v_RBCvTK6 (v_RBCvTK6)