(* Generated by JWS Online *) (* This is an experimental feature of JWS Online. Please report any mistakes.*) (* Note that the following notable SBML entities or features are not supported in notebook outputyet: *) (* Events *) (* Constraints *) (* Units and UnitDefinitions *) (* AlgebraicRules *) (* conversionFactors *) variables = { Akt[t], Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t], Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P[t], Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP[t], Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], E2[t], E23H[t], E23HP[t], E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3K[t], E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3Ka[t], E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShGS[t], E23HP\[LetterSpace]Shc[t], E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShcP[t], E23H\[LetterSpace]C[t], E2Per[t], E2\[LetterSpace]Per[t], E3[t], E3H[t], E3H\[LetterSpace]C[t], ERK[t], ERKP[t], ERKPP[t], GS[t], HRG[t], MEK[t], MEKP[t], MEKPP[t], MEKPP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], MEKP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], MEK\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], PI2[t], PI3K[t], PI3K\[LetterSpace]LY[t], PI3Ka[t], PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PI[t], PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t], PIP3[t], PP2A[t], PTEN[t], PTENP[t], PTENP\[LetterSpace]PTEN[t], PTEN\[LetterSpace]PI[t], PTEN\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t], PTEN\[LetterSpace]PTEN[t], PTEN\[LetterSpace]bpV[t], Per[t], Raf[t], Rafa[t], RasGDP[t], RasGTP[t], ShGS[t], Shc[t], ShcP[t] }; initialValues = { Akt[0] == 100.0, Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3[0] == 0.0, Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3\[LetterSpace]PP2A[0] == 0.0, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P[0] == 0.0, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP[0] == 0.0, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[0] == 0.0, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P\[LetterSpace]PP2A[0] == 0.0, E2[0] == 100.0, E23H[0] == 0.0, E23HP[0] == 0.0, E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3K[0] == 0.0, E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3Ka[0] == 0.0, E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShGS[0] == 0.0, E23HP\[LetterSpace]Shc[0] == 0.0, E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShcP[0] == 0.0, E23H\[LetterSpace]C[0] == 0.0, E2Per[0] == 0.0, E2\[LetterSpace]Per[0] == 0.0, E3[0] == 80.0, E3H[0] == 0.0, E3H\[LetterSpace]C[0] == 0.0, ERK[0] == 10.0, ERKP[0] == 0.0, ERKPP[0] == 0.0, GS[0] == 100.0, HRG[0] == 3000.0, MEK[0] == 10.0, MEKP[0] == 0.0, MEKPP[0] == 0.0, MEKPP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[0] == 0.0, MEKP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[0] == 0.0, MEK\[LetterSpace]PP2A[0] == 0.0, PI2[0] == 300.0, PI3K[0] == 200.0, PI3K\[LetterSpace]LY[0] == 0.0, PI3Ka[0] == 0.0, PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PI[0] == 0.0, PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PIP3[0] == 0.0, PIP3[0] == 8.05772*^-12, PP2A[0] == 10.0, PTEN[0] == 42.7798, PTENP[0] == 3.39885, PTENP\[LetterSpace]PTEN[0] == 0.955337, PTEN\[LetterSpace]PI[0] == 5.02914*^-08, PTEN\[LetterSpace]PIP3[0] == 3.14554*^-08, PTEN\[LetterSpace]PTEN[0] == 0.955337, PTEN\[LetterSpace]bpV[0] == 0.0, Per[0] == 0.0, Raf[0] == 100.0, Rafa[0] == 0.0, RasGDP[0] == 120.0, RasGTP[0] == 0.0, ShGS[0] == 0.0, Shc[0] == 100.0, ShcP[0] == 0.0 }; rates = { R1, R10, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16\[LetterSpace]1, R16\[LetterSpace]2, R16\[LetterSpace]3, R17\[LetterSpace]1, R18\[LetterSpace]1, R18\[LetterSpace]2, R18\[LetterSpace]3, R19, R2, R20, R21, R22, R23, R24, R25, R26, R27\[LetterSpace]1, R28\[LetterSpace]1, R28\[LetterSpace]2, R28\[LetterSpace]3, R28\[LetterSpace]4, R28\[LetterSpace]5, R28\[LetterSpace]6, R28\[LetterSpace]7, R29, R3, R30, R31\[LetterSpace]1, R31\[LetterSpace]2, R31\[LetterSpace]3, R32, R33\[LetterSpace]1, R33\[LetterSpace]2, R33\[LetterSpace]3, R34, R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R4, R40, R41, R42, R43, R44, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 }; rateEquations = { R1 -> k1*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]1*E3H[t]) + E3[t]*HRG[t]), R10 -> (V10*ShcP[t])/(K10 + ShcP[t]), R11 -> (k11*RasGDP[t]*ShGS[t])/(K11 + RasGDP[t]), R12 -> (V12*RasGTP[t])/(K12 + RasGTP[t]), R13 -> (k13*Raf[t]*RasGTP[t])/(K13 + Raf[t]), R14 -> (k14*(E\[LetterSpace]raf + Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP[t])*Rafa[t])/(K14 + Rafa[t]), R15 -> (k15*MEK[t]*Rafa[t])/(K15 + MEK[t]), R16\[LetterSpace]1 -> k16*MEKP[t]*PP2A[t], R16\[LetterSpace]2 -> k16\[LetterSpace]kat*MEKP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R16\[LetterSpace]3 -> k18*MEK\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R17\[LetterSpace]1 -> (k15*MEKP[t]*Rafa[t])/(K15 + MEKP[t]), R18\[LetterSpace]1 -> k16*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]16*MEKPP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t]) + MEKPP[t]*PP2A[t]), R18\[LetterSpace]2 -> k16\[LetterSpace]kat*MEKPP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R18\[LetterSpace]3 -> k22*MEKP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R19 -> (k23*ERK[t]*MEKPP[t])/(K23 + ERK[t]), R2 -> k2*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]2*E23H[t]) + E2[t]*E3H[t]), R20 -> (V24*ERKP[t])/(K24 + ERKP[t]), R21 -> (k23*ERKP[t]*MEKPP[t])/(K23 + ERKP[t]), R22 -> (V24*ERKPP[t])/(K24 + ERKPP[t]), R23 -> k27*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]27*E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3K[t]) + E23HP[t]*PI3K[t]), R24 -> k28*(E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3K[t] - k\[LetterSpace]28*E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3Ka[t]), R25 -> k29*E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3Ka[t] - k\[LetterSpace]29*E23HP[t]*PI3Ka[t], R26 -> V30*PI3Ka[t], R27\[LetterSpace]1 -> k31*(PI2[t]*PI3Ka[t] - K\[LetterSpace]d31*PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PI[t]), R28\[LetterSpace]1 -> k32*(PIP3[t]*PTEN[t] - Kd\[LetterSpace]32*PTEN\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t]), R28\[LetterSpace]2 -> k33*PTEN\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t], R28\[LetterSpace]3 -> k34*PTEN\[LetterSpace]PI[t], R28\[LetterSpace]4 -> (V35*PTEN[t])/(K35 + PTEN[t]), R28\[LetterSpace]5 -> k36*(PTEN[t]*PTENP[t] - Kd\[LetterSpace]36*PTENP\[LetterSpace]PTEN[t]), R28\[LetterSpace]6 -> k37*PTENP\[LetterSpace]PTEN[t], R28\[LetterSpace]7 -> k38*PTEN\[LetterSpace]PTEN[t], R29 -> k39*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]39*Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t]) + Akt[t]*PIP3[t]), R3 -> k3*(E23H[t] - Kd\[LetterSpace]3*E23HP[t]), R30 -> (V40*Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t])/(K40 + Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t]), R31\[LetterSpace]1 -> k41*Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P[t]*PP2A[t], R31\[LetterSpace]2 -> k42*Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R31\[LetterSpace]3 -> k43*Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R32 -> (V40*Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P[t])/(K40 + Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P[t]), R33\[LetterSpace]1 -> k41*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]41*Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t]) + Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP[t]*PP2A[t]), R33\[LetterSpace]2 -> k42*Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R33\[LetterSpace]3 -> k47*Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t], R34 -> k48*E23HP[t], R35 -> k49*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]49*E2\[LetterSpace]Per[t]) + E2[t]*Per[t]), R36 -> -(k\[LetterSpace]50*E2Per[t]) + k50*E2\[LetterSpace]Per[t], R37 -> k51*E3H[t], R38 -> k2*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]2*E23H[t]) + E2[t]*E3H\[LetterSpace]C[t]), R39 -> k53*E23H[t], R4 -> (V4*E23HP[t])/(K4 + E23HP[t]), R40 -> k3*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]3*E23HP[t]) + E23H\[LetterSpace]C[t]), R41 -> k55*PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PI[t], R42 -> k56*PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t], R43 -> k57*(bpV*PTEN[t] - Kd\[LetterSpace]57*PTEN\[LetterSpace]bpV[t]), R44 -> k58*(LY*PI3K[t] - Kd\[LetterSpace]58*PI3K\[LetterSpace]LY[t]), R5 -> k5*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]5*E23HP\[LetterSpace]Shc[t]) + E23HP[t]*Shc[t]), R6 -> k6*E23HP\[LetterSpace]Shc[t] - k\[LetterSpace]6*E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShcP[t], R7 -> k7*(-(Kd\[LetterSpace]7*E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShGS[t]) + E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShcP[t]*GS[t]), R8 -> k8*(E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShGS[t] - Kd\[LetterSpace]8*E23HP[t]*ShGS[t]), R9 -> k9*(-(k\[LetterSpace]9*GS[t]*ShcP[t]) + ShGS[t]) }; parameters = { Akt0 -> 10.0, E3\[LetterSpace]0 -> 0.0, E\[LetterSpace]raf -> 7.0, K10 -> 340.0, K11 -> 0.18, K12 -> 0.1, K13 -> 11.7, K14 -> 50.0, K15 -> 1.0, K23 -> 10.0, K24 -> 10.0, K35 -> 2.0, K4 -> 50.0, K40 -> 0.1, K\[LetterSpace]d31 -> 100.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]1 -> 600.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]16 -> 1.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]2 -> 10.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]27 -> 1.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]3 -> 0.1, Kd\[LetterSpace]32 -> 0.01, Kd\[LetterSpace]36 -> 2.2, Kd\[LetterSpace]39 -> 20.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]41 -> 0.1, Kd\[LetterSpace]49 -> 20000.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]5 -> 1.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]57 -> 10.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]58 -> 80.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]7 -> 9.0, Kd\[LetterSpace]8 -> 0.1, LY -> 0.0, PI0 -> 70.0, PI3K\[LetterSpace]CY -> 0.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]10\[LetterSpace] -> 10.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]11\[LetterSpace] -> 100.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]12\[LetterSpace] -> 120.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]13\[LetterSpace] -> 100.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]14\[LetterSpace] -> 100.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]1\[LetterSpace] -> 2900.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]2\[LetterSpace] -> -2920.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]3\[LetterSpace] -> 200.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]4\[LetterSpace] -> 50.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]5\[LetterSpace] -> 300.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]6\[LetterSpace] -> 0.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]7\[LetterSpace] -> 10.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]8\[LetterSpace] -> 100.0, Pool\[LetterSpace]9\[LetterSpace] -> 10.0, V10 -> 0.0154, V12 -> 3.0, V24 -> 1.8, V30 -> 900.0, V35 -> 150.0, V4 -> 10.0, V40 -> 15000.0, bpV -> 0.0, k1 -> 0.005, k11 -> 6.0, k13 -> 1.0, k14 -> 0.6, k15 -> 2.1, k16 -> 0.06, k16\[LetterSpace]kat -> 0.6, k18 -> 0.6, k2 -> 10.0, k22 -> 0.06, k23 -> 1.2, k27 -> 3.0, k28 -> 300.0, k29 -> 13520.0, k3 -> 1.0, k31 -> 0.03, k32 -> 8000.0, k33 -> 15.0, k34 -> 3.6, k36 -> 1.0, k37 -> 150.0, k38 -> 150.0, k39 -> 15000.0, k41 -> 3.0, k42 -> 45.0, k43 -> 30.0, k47 -> 0.3, k48 -> 0.001, k49 -> 0.003, k5 -> 0.06, k50 -> 0.6, k51 -> 0.01, k53 -> 0.01, k55 -> 30.0, k56 -> 30.0, k57 -> 100.0, k58 -> 100.0, k6 -> 12.0, k7 -> 36.0, k8 -> 12.0, k9 -> 35.0, k\[LetterSpace]28 -> 0.0, k\[LetterSpace]29 -> 0.0, k\[LetterSpace]50 -> 0.012, k\[LetterSpace]6 -> 3.0, k\[LetterSpace]9 -> 0.0, mu -> 0.0, pAkt\[LetterSpace]max -> 91.0, scal -> 1.0, scall -> 0.6, scalll -> 30.0, sens -> 0.0, tE3P\[LetterSpace]max -> 65.0, tERKP\[LetterSpace]max -> 10.0, Default -> 1.0 }; assignments = { tERKP -> (ERKP[t] + ERKPP[t])/tERKP\[LetterSpace]max, pAkt -> (Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P[t] + Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP[t] + Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t] + Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P\[LetterSpace]PP2A[t])/pAkt\[LetterSpace]max, tPTENP -> 0.13157894736842105*PTENP[t], tPTEN -> PTEN[t] + PTENP[t] + PTENP\[LetterSpace]PTEN[t] + PTEN\[LetterSpace]PI[t] + PTEN\[LetterSpace]PIP3[t] + PTEN\[LetterSpace]PTEN[t], tE3P -> (E23HP[t] + E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3K[t] + E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3Ka[t] + E23HP\[LetterSpace]Shc[t] + E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShcP[t] + E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShGS[t])/tE3P\[LetterSpace]max }; events = { }; speciesAnnotations = { Shc[t]->"http://identifiers.org/uniprot/P29353" }; reactionAnnotations = { }; units = { {"time" -> "", "metabolite" -> "", "extent" -> ""} }; (* Time evolution *) odes = { Akt'[t] == -1.0*R29, Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3'[t] == 1.0*R29 +1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]3 -1.0*R30, Akt\[LetterSpace]PIP3\[LetterSpace]PP2A'[t] == 1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]2 -1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]3, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P'[t] == 1.0*R30 +1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]3 -1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R32, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP'[t] == 1.0*R32 -1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]1, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]PP\[LetterSpace]PP2A'[t] == 1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]2, Akt\[LetterSpace]PI\[LetterSpace]P\[LetterSpace]PP2A'[t] == 1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]1 +1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]2 -1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]2 -1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]3, E2'[t] == -1.0*R2 -1.0*R35 -1.0*R38, E23H'[t] == 1.0*R2 +1.0*R4 +1.0*R38 -1.0*R3 -1.0*R39, E23HP'[t] == 1.0*R3 +1.0*R8 +1.0*R25 +1.0*R40 -1.0*R4 -1.0*R5 -1.0*R23 -1.0*R34, E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3K'[t] == 1.0*R23 -1.0*R24, E23HP\[LetterSpace]PI3Ka'[t] == 1.0*R24 -1.0*R25, E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShGS'[t] == 1.0*R7 -1.0*R8, E23HP\[LetterSpace]Shc'[t] == 1.0*R5 -1.0*R6, E23HP\[LetterSpace]ShcP'[t] == 1.0*R6 -1.0*R7, E23H\[LetterSpace]C'[t] == 1.0*R39 -1.0*R40, E2Per'[t] == 1.0*R36 , E2\[LetterSpace]Per'[t] == 1.0*R35 -1.0*R36, E3'[t] == -1.0*R1, E3H'[t] == 1.0*R1 -1.0*R2 -1.0*R37, E3H\[LetterSpace]C'[t] == 1.0*R37 -1.0*R38, ERK'[t] == 1.0*R20 -1.0*R19, ERKP'[t] == 1.0*R19 +1.0*R22 -1.0*R20 -1.0*R21, ERKPP'[t] == 1.0*R21 -1.0*R22, GS'[t] == 1.0*R9 -1.0*R7, HRG'[t] == -1.0*R1, MEK'[t] == 1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]3 -1.0*R15, MEKP'[t] == 1.0*R15 +1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]3 -1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R17\[LetterSpace]1, MEKPP'[t] == 1.0*R17\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]1, MEKPP\[LetterSpace]PP2A'[t] == 1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]2, MEKP\[LetterSpace]PP2A'[t] == 1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]1 +1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]2 -1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]2 -1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]3, MEK\[LetterSpace]PP2A'[t] == 1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]2 -1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]3, PI2'[t] == 1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]3 -1.0*R27\[LetterSpace]1, PI3K'[t] == 1.0*R26 -1.0*R23 -1.0*R44, PI3K\[LetterSpace]LY'[t] == 1.0*R44 , PI3Ka'[t] == 1.0*R25 +1.0*R42 -1.0*R26 -1.0*R27\[LetterSpace]1, PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PI'[t] == 1.0*R27\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R41, PI3Ka\[LetterSpace]PIP3'[t] == 1.0*R41 -1.0*R42, PIP3'[t] == 1.0*R42 -1.0*R29 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]1, PP2A'[t] == 1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]3 +1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]3 +1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]3 +1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]3 -1.0*R16\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R18\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R31\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R33\[LetterSpace]1, PTEN'[t] == 1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]3 +2.0*R28\[LetterSpace]7 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]4 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]5 -1.0*R43, PTENP'[t] == 1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]4 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]5, PTENP\[LetterSpace]PTEN'[t] == 1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]5 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]6, PTEN\[LetterSpace]PI'[t] == 1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]2 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]3, PTEN\[LetterSpace]PIP3'[t] == 1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]1 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]2, PTEN\[LetterSpace]PTEN'[t] == 1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]6 -1.0*R28\[LetterSpace]7, PTEN\[LetterSpace]bpV'[t] == 1.0*R43 , Per'[t] == -1.0*R35, Raf'[t] == 1.0*R14 -1.0*R13, Rafa'[t] == 1.0*R13 -1.0*R14, RasGDP'[t] == 1.0*R12 -1.0*R11, RasGTP'[t] == 1.0*R11 -1.0*R12, ShGS'[t] == 1.0*R8 -1.0*R9, Shc'[t] == 1.0*R10 -1.0*R5, ShcP'[t] == 1.0*R9 -1.0*R10 }; timeCourse = NDSolve[Join[odes, initialValues]//.rateEquations//.assignments//.parameters, variables, {t, 0, 100}]; (* Steady-state solution initialized with result of time evolution *) findRootEquations = odes /.D[_[t],t]->0; findRootVariables = Partition[Flatten[{#, #/.timeCourse/.t->100} &/@variables],2]; steadyStateVariables = FindRoot[findRootEquations//.rateEquations//.assignments//.parameters, findRootVariables, MaxIterations->100] fluxes = #//.assignments//.parameters/.steadyStateVariables&/@rateEquations (* Plot the time evolution of the variables *) plotTable=Table[Plot[variables[[i]]/.parameters/.timeCourse,{t,0,100},PlotLegends->variables[[i]],PlotRange->Full],{i,Length[variables]}]